英语高考阅读题评分秘笈

    英语高考阅读题评分秘笈     在英文考试中，阅读题通常是决策成功与失败的重要，巧解阅读题中有关创作者用意、见解、心态的难题是在阅读题中制胜的重要宝物。     创作者见解心态题是指对于创作者的创作用意、见解心态和对恶性事件的点评设疑的阅读理解题目。创作者在文章内容中不但客观性地开展描述和表明，通常还拥有某类心态，如对某一见解或赞成或抵制，或毫无疑问或指责。因而这种题关键考察学员对创作者的见解、情感、心态、创作目地和用意的逻辑思维能力。     创作者的见解和心态除开立即表述外，还常常在文章内容中间接性表现出来。学生能够根据全篇的描述，从文章内容的具体内容去了解创作者的见解；有时候创作者也会在文章内容选用独特的语汇表述自身的情感。学生们要从文章内容中的措辞、语调或对某一关键点的阐述来推论创作者的心态、见解等。     见解心态题的题目方式：创作者心态见解题考察总体目标较为确立，题目一般都带有according to the writer, attitude, opinion, believe, consider, regard等词或语句。这类题型除开考察创作者在全篇文章中所主要表现的心态和创作用意外，有的还考察创作者对实际的某一人或物的心态或点评。创作者见解态厦题的题目关键有下列几类方式：     1) What is the purpose of the text?／The purpose of the passage is to         .     2) What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?     3) What's the author's attitude towards…?     4) Who are the intended readers of the passage?     5) What does the author mean by saying "…"?     6) From the…paragraph, what do you think the author wants to tell us?     创作者见解心态题的答题方式：创作者的心态和观点一般分成三大类：适用、赞成、开朗；客观性、保持中立；抵制、指责、猜疑、消极。学生们除开能够根据在原文中找寻含有情感颜色的词来分辨创作者的心态外，有时候还*须综合性应用一些阅读技巧，如：依据文章内容中与难题有关的关键点作出分辨，依据创作者出示的例子推论其暗示着的心态、见解，有时候还*须学生们细读全篇并掌握文章内容的中心思想，最终作出恰当挑选。下边大家以2008年一部分省份今年高考名为例，深入分析创作者见解心态题的答题方式。     例1：     On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor café. We walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate at the street table, and lauded over my son's funny facial expressions. Gone was my father's critical(苛刻的) air and strict rules. Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before?    (2008年*卷I A篇)58. What does the author think of her father after her visit to Tucson?     A. More critical.     B. More talkative.     C. Gentle and friendly.     D. Strict and hard-working.     【分析】题中问创作者对爸爸的观点。A．更苛刻了；B．更随和了；C．柔和而友善；D．严格并且努力。此题*须从文章内容的片段描写下手找到答案。依据"Gone was my father's critical(苛刻的)air and strict rules"和"…who seemed so friendly and interesting to be around"这几句可看做创作者觉得爸爸不象过去那麼严格、不爱交际了，爸爸如今看上去友善并且趣味。回答选C。     例2：     People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you're wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育场馆)….     How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and a harness (维护带) around your chest to hold you. …A beginner's wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. …The most difficult part is to control your fear….     Climbing attracts people because it's good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger. (2008年安徽省卷C篇)67. Why does the author write this passage?     A. To tell people where to find gyms.     B. To prove the basic need for climbing.     C. To encourage people to climb mountains.     D. To introduce the sport of wall climbing.     【分析】题型问创作者的创作目地，这在文章内容中并沒有指出，*须学生们细读全篇来掌握文章内容疏忽。从全篇看来，文中关键叙述的是攀爬健身运动愈来愈遭受大家的亲睐，但也*须训炼，详细地详细介绍了对人体有利的房间内攀爬健身运动。四个选择项对创作者创作用意描述以下：A．告知大家哪有体育场馆；B．证实大家对攀爬拥有 最基础的要求；c．激励大家去爬山；D．详细介绍房间内攀爬此项健身运动。选择项A并不是文章内容的主题风格；选择项B在文章内容末尾段虽然有涉及到，但也谈不上是具体内容；创作者尽管谈及了攀爬的益处，但仍未确立激励大家参加该项健身运动，因而C有误。回答为D。     例3：     The number of married women who want to continue working increases rapidly because they enjoy their jobs. However, if they want to have children, they immediately have serious problems. Though most companies allow women to leave their jobs for a short time to have a baby, they expect women with babies to give up their jobs. In short, if they want to bring up children properly, both parents have to work, but it is hard for mothers to work. Indeed, women who want to continue working have to choose between having children or keeping their jobs.     In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possible. (2008年安徽省卷E篇)75. The writer seems to believe that Asian governments should              .     A. let women stay at home and have a babyB. allow one of the parents to go out to workC. care for the growing needs of women for jobsD. punish the companies that permit women to leave【分析】题型问创作者在亚洲地区*府部门对女士学生就业这一难题上得出了哪些提议。A．让女士重归家中传宗接代；B．容许爸爸妈妈中的一个出门工作中；C．对女士在工作中的要求加多关心；D．处罚这些容许女士辞职的企业。依据*一段最终一句话"Indeed, women who…or keeping their jobs"及最终一段得知女士所遭遇的因难，因此 世界各国*府部门应当采用一些对策更改这一现况来防止出现大量的DINK家中，而最有效的对策是C项。     例4：     Well, I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could. So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more. Based on my experience, jogging is the most overvalued form of exercise around. And judging from the number of the people who left our neighborhood jogging army, I'm not alone in my opinion. (2008年浙江卷D篇)54. What was the writer's attitude towards jogging in the beginning?     A. He felt it was worth a try.     B. He was very fond of it.     C. He was strongly against it.     D. He thought it must be painful.     【分析】本段叙述了创作者根据亲自参加jogging(跑步)锻练，感受到jogging并不象大家想像中的很好，他觉得自身的锻练方法还可以做到运动健身的目地。题型问创作者最初对跑步的观点怎样。A．他觉得非常值得一试；B．他非常喜欢此项健身运动；C．他竭力抵制此项健身运动；D．他觉得此项健身运动十分痛楚。从"I had nothing against feeling great and if Alex could jog every day, anyone could."和"So I took up jogging seriously and gave it a good two months of my life, and not a day more."几句，我们可以看得出创作者最初对跑步并无抵触心理状态，并且觉得非常值得一试，A项较合乎创作者的心态。     例5：     It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us had reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence(青春发育期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods again after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria. (2008年天津卷E篇)55. How does the author feel about his childhood?     A. Happy but short.     B. Lonely but memorable.     C. Boring and meaningless.     D. Long and unforgettable.     【分析】题型问创作者如何看待自身的儿时。A．开心却短暂性；B．孤独却非常值得追忆；C．枯燥、乏味；D．悠长而又难以忘怀。依据"It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end."和 下句"In March…,"及其下句"…and all of a sudden it occurred to a11 three of us…high school cafeteria"能够看得出作者是在感叹童年时光开心却短暂性。回答选A。     高考阅读了解设题愈来愈灵便。题型难度系数也逐渐提升，创作者的心态见解已不仅局限性在"是与非"、"适用与抵制"、"开朗与消极"的挑选上，只是添加了大量对文章内容关键点和中心思想疏忽了解的规定。解释这类题的情况下，学生们要留意题型的提出问题方式是不是有确立的目的性。就是对于文章内容中的一部分开展设题。還是对全篇的创作目地或用意开展考察。融合多种多样阅读方法有利于学生们作出恰当挑选。