II．状况法
对某类社会问题、趋向或社会问题开展分析的文章内容通常在文章内容一开始*引出来这类
状况或难题，随后评价。这节句式就适用这类开始。
11 Recently the rise in
phenomenon of
problem of
question of ... has
11 drawn / aroused public / popular / grave / world-wide attention
caused /aroused wide / general / considerable / international concern
arisen /loomed up /cropped up as controversial /as noteworthy/more
distinctly for settlement
11.1 Recently, the alarm about the problem of the use of genetic
technologies on human beings have caused wide public concern, and
understandably so. With nuclear energy threatening global catastrophe and
with so many other technological advances visibly damaging the quality of
life, who would wish to have scientists tampering with man's inner nature?
Indeed, fear of such manipulation may amuse even more anxiety than fear of
death.
近期，相关把基因遗传技术性用以人们本身而造成的难题的警告已造成了群众的普遍关
注。它是能够了解的。核能发电开发设计正威协着全世界的存活，其他很多技术性发展也正显著地危
害日常生活的品质。在这类状况下，谁还会继续期待生物学家来随意更改人体内部功能呢？的确，
担心对身的控制所造成的忧虑很有可能会超出对身亡的担心。
11.2 Recently psychologists have found only about two percent of adults
use their creativity, compared with ten percent of seven-year-old children.
When five-year-olds were tested, the result soared to ninety percent! The
findings set off many people thinking. Curiosity and originality are daily
occurrences for the small child, but somehow most of us lose the freedom and
flexibility of the child as we grow older. The need to follow "directions"
and "do-it-right", plus the many societal constraints we put on ourselves,
prevent us from using our creative potential.
近期，心理学专家发觉在应用自身想像力层面，成年人仅有2％，而七岁的少年儿童竟有10
％。假如在五岁的少年儿童中检测，这一数升高到90％。这种发觉造成很多人 思考。求知欲
和创造力每日可在小朋友的身上发觉，而在我们逐渐长大，大部分人缺失了小孩的那类
随意和协调能力。“按基本去做”，“按恰当的去做”，及其诸多社会发展的戒律清规把大家
拘束住了，使我们无法充分发挥自身的造就发展潜力。
12 Recently the issue
problem
question of... has been in the limelight.
brought into focus.
brought to public attention.
posed among the general public.
12.1 The problem of development vs. environment has now been in the
limelight. Nowhere is the clash more visible than in China, where the
world's largest population faces pollution, deforestation and acid rain on a
large scale.
如今发展趋势与自然环境的难题已变成大家讨论的管理中心。在我国这对分歧主要表现得尤其显著。
这一全世界人口最多的我国正遭遇着很多的空气污染、山林降低及其酸雨的危害的围攻。
13 In recent
the past 5 years, many cities
nations
people have been faced /plagued /troubled with
experienced/witnessed /undergone the
a(n) serious problem of
acute shortage of
alarming increase in
13.1 In recent years many factories of our country have been faced with
the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Seeing many idle
workers smoking, chatting, or playing cards during the working hours, some
experts claim that the solution is to increase economic reward. Other people
feel that "the iron rice bowl" should be roughly smashed. But does mere
money lead to greater productivity?
近些年在我国很多加工厂一直遭遇着如何提高职工的生产率的难题。对于很多职工上
班的浑浑噩噩，吸烟，闲聊或玩牌的状况，有一些*威专家认为根据提升经济发展酬劳来处理。另
一些人觉得应完全打破铁饭碗。可是提升钱是不是就能提升生产效率呢？
13.2 In recent years, China has experienced an alarming increase in
juvenile crime ------ that is, crime committed by individuals who haven't
come of age. Whether the category is murder or robbery, mugging or rape, the
story is the same: juvenile crime is on the rise. Our society has
traditionally treated the juvenile as a special kind of offender, one who
warrants punishment different from that given to an adult, even though the
crime may be the same. Now it is time we asked ourselves: Does the treatment
work?
最近几年，我国的青少年儿童发案率大幅度升高。无论这些没成人的违法犯罪牵涉到凶杀、
盗窃、打劫或者奸污，情况是一样的：青少年犯
罪在提升。大家社会发展的传统式作法是把这种青少年儿童当做一种独特的犯罪分子解决，虽然她们的
罪刑和成人一样，但所给的处罚和成人不一样。如今应是问一问我们自己的情况下了：
这类作法是不是合理？
14 One of the searching
burning
pressing
interesting questions
problems facing
confronting our nation
society
world today is ...
14.1 One of the basic questions facing our society today is: What promise
or threat does new technology hold for our global future? Since the
decisions our society makes about technological development will undoubtedly
have tremendous consequences in the years to come, it is urgently necessary
to explore this question, especially by examining science and technology in
their relationship to the development of humanity.
如今的社会遭遇的基础难题*是：新技术应用会给全球的未来产生哪些的期待或威协
？因为大家的社会发展所做出的有关技术性发展趋势的决策会不容置疑对将来造成极大危害，因而
探寻这个问题，尤其是根据查验科技进步与人类发展的关联来那样做就越来越十分急迫和
必需了。
14.2 It has become apparent to us that one of the biggest problems
confronting our Chinese education today is the increasing vocationalization
of our colleges and universities. Throughout the country schools are under
economic pressure to become job-training centers and employment agencies.
All courses are geared to cater to the business needs.
很显著我国的文化教育如今遭遇的较大 难题*是高等学校专业化趋向。在区域经济发展的
工作压力下，*各地很多高校变成职业技能培训管理中心或学生就业销售市场组织。课程内容的设定都一昧顺从销售市场
的*须。
15 One of the biggest issues
hottest topics
most popular things
most serious problems many people talk
complain about now is...
15.1 One of the most popular topics many city residents talk about now is
the tide of the rural poor flooding the cities. They complain that the
migrants have brought crime and prostitution, that they are putting pressure
on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take
already scarce city jobs and exacerbating housing shortages; and that they
have worsened traffic and sanitation problems. True, these are the problems
posed by the migration, but what about the contribution the rural worker
have made to the city's development and prosperity?
很多群众如今谈得数最多的话题讨论*是源源不绝涌入大城市的民工潮。她们埋怨农民工把
违法犯罪和卖身产生了，给城镇人口的操纵和公共秩序产生了工作压力，并威协着抢走原本已很
焦虑不安的大城市工作中机遇，促使大城市住宅、交通出行、环境卫生等难题更加突显。是的，这种全是民
工潮产生的难题，但如何对待她们对大城市的发展趋势和兴盛所做出的奉献呢？
15.2 One of the best qualities that most people admire in others is the
willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a
simple thing like "I was wrong about that", and it is even harder to say, "I
was wrong, and you were right about that".
大部分人所钦佩的他人的**的品质*，是要敢认可自身的不正确。有时候大家发现
难以张口说那样简单的话：“在这里一点上是
对不起。”而说：“对不起，你是对的。”则更难。
