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聚培教育网合作机构 > 西安英语培训机构
西安英语培训机构
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西安英语培训机构

创作三大标准要切记

商务英语学习网

更新时间:2021-01-17 浏览:139
核心提示:1. 特别是在在商业服务上,报章杂志或文书信件上,尽可能无需难字 (big word) 或落伍的关键字 (old-fashioned word)比如:Many p
1. 特别是在在商业服务上,报章杂志或文书信件上,尽可能无需难字 (big word) 或落伍的关键字 (old-fashioned word) 
比如:
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (很多人觉得品德教育是高专业知识的基本) (假如用 foundation 或 basis 替代 infrastructure 就更搞清楚)
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百平方英尺的土地资源是本高校发展趋势的程度) (假如用limit替代parameter,会更简单易懂。)
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这信息已散播到美国*各地) (假如用spread替代disseminated,不更简易?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这高校的校领导身高很大) (倘若用small替代diminutive,不更搞清楚吗?)
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我想向我的职工表述这一份文档) (如用explain替代elucidate,或许更搞清楚。)
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 老先生想试着当个医师) (假如用try替代endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (大家期待未来见到维护世界和平)(假如用see替代visualize,或许更简易!)
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善组织规定大家一年一度乐捐)(倘若用 ask 替代 solicit,更浅白通俗易懂。)(solicitation是专有名词)
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板之后,大家不知道会有哪些产生。) (假如用happen替代transpire,或许更搞清楚。)
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前边提过的事,请尽速申请办理。)(假如用 previous 替代古字 aforementioned 并不是更搞清楚?)
这如同英国文学家马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在词典里找长字或难字,我决不用『metropolis』这个字,由于我一样可以用『city』这个字来替代」。罗斯福总统为了更好地注重美*府不容易忘却这些穷光蛋,在一篇讲词里用了那么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」之后被别人指责咬文嚼字,显摆文采。假如用浅白通俗易懂的关键字写出:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」或许更简易搞清楚!
2. 外国人也认为不写噜苏或绚丽多彩的关键字(flowery or wordy),语句应当越少越好,一句可用两字,决不再加一个。
比如:
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (如今大家应当为大家的总体目标团结一致)(假如说:Now, we should pull......更简易。由于 at this point in time = now)
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (尽管我的英语不太好,但我不会气馁。) (假如说:Although my English is not...... 就更简洁明了。由于despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我觉得刘先生应当离职) (倘若说:I think Mr. Lee should......并不是更简易吗?由于I am of the opinion = I think)
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他因为得病而离职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简易。由于 due to the fact that = because)
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他一般 喜爱骑自行车到公司办公室) (假如说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简易。由于 in the majority of cases = usually)
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜爱茶而不是现磨咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简洁明了清晰,由于 show a preference for = prefer)
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我想通告孙先生)
假如只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 并不是更简易吗?由于 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (语句最终面:「about the matter」能够省掉); 同样,还要防止实际意义的反复或汉字的不必要 (redundant); 比如:
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大伙儿觉得大家务必积极行动)(of opinion 能够省掉,由于 consensus 的含意,便是大伙儿的建议。)
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信表明难题并未处理)(continue to 是不必要的字,由于 remain 早已有 continue 的寓意。因此 语句就变成:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演讲里作出结果) (final 是不必要的字,由于 conclusion 早已带有 final 的含意。)
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有很多年做生意的工作经验) (actual 也是不必要的字,由于 experience 现有 actual 的寓意)
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(大家装好收音机的零件)(由于 assemble 自身就会有 together 的含意,因此 together 是不必要的)
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是不必要的字,由于 enclosed 就会有 herewith 的含意)(即:另附会议总结,请查收)
写到这儿,想到一位备受英国老百姓拥戴,一向认为不写一段话、不噜苏的英国过世议员 Stephen Young,他每一次应邀参加会议、演说、宴席时,他的复信仅有三个字「我能到」(I'll be there)......。也有些人调侃的说:「讲演或创作的语句,如同穿超短裙,愈短越好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
除此之外也有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
3.外国人为了更好地群族和谐相处,除无需岐视或成见的关键字外,连男孩和女孩性別,还要防止差别,以表「公平」。
比如:
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人们是世界上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (假如改成:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包含男孩和女孩。因此 mankind = man = human beings) (留意:mankind 后边形容词要用大部分,而 man 的后边形容词,则用奇数)
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展趋势这儿的经济发展,好像欠缺人力资源管理。)(假如说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就沒有「男性主义」的觉得。由此可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这一小公司昨日找来一名清理女职工)(假如说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就沒有男孩和女孩之分了)
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自打1998年他便是联合会现任主席) (倘若把chairman或chairwoman改成chairperson或chair,就沒有男孩和女孩之分。) (如指研讨会的节目主持人,也可称之为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(很多生意人感觉工作中压力非常大)(假如把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改成 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包含男孩和女孩了)(但凡奇数 man 或 woman,其大部分全是 men 或 women。)
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警员对老百姓应当有礼貌)(倘若把 policemen 或 policewomen 改成 police officers 就可防止男孩和女孩性別)
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (众议员应当为其选举人讲话)(constitute = voter) (大家还可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改成 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空姐有时候会有时差疲倦的状况)(如把 stewardess 改成 flight attendant,就能包含男孩和女孩上空服务生。)
同样,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改成 salesperson;把 mailman 改成 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改成 supervisor 这些。
自然,一些含有人种成见的关键字,乃至有污辱的味儿(insulting words 或 slur),还要尽量减少应用,以防闹出不便。比如:
对黑种人不能用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还能够),文明礼貌的叫法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
对白种人不能用 Honky(它是黑种人骂白种人的汉字),恰当使用方法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
对正可谓是不能用 Hymies,应当叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
对越南人不能用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
对于墨西哥人、毕尔巴鄂竞技及中、非洲地区人,包含 Puerto Rico,恰当的使用方法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,但是听说毕尔巴鄂竞技为了更好地维护保养自身的文化艺术,倒喜爱他人称之为 Spaniard。 其他信息请浏览:http://www.24en.com/
也有黑与白完婚的小孩,也不能称之为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外边是朱古力,里边是白鲜奶油)。
有成见的外国人,不叫*人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(过去还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。碰到这类事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与奸险小人斗」,**「没理」(ignore)或「离开」(walk away)。但是外国人与你交谈时,假如应用这种没礼貌的关键字,那麼你也就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只为让你了解:你刚常用的字,来描绘我的群族,是很不适合的)。这时候,你也可说一句「再见」了。
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