猜想词意是英文阅读的关键方法，它能够在一定水平上考察学生的逻辑性推论工作能力，是语言表达能力的一个关键构成部分，经常出現在今年高考英语试题中。在英文阅读中依据前后文猜想词意，有利于锻练学生们分析问题、解决困难的工作能力，有利于扩张英语词汇量。事实上，阅读材料中的语汇与它前后左右的词句、语句或文章段落，乃至章节都拥有互相牵制的关联。因而我们可以运用情境所给信息内容，推断分辨原文中单词的含意。
小编依据自身的阅读文章历经及其具体指导学员备考阅读题重点的工作经验，汇总出了一些有利的猜词方式，愿与阅读者共同进步。
一、界定猜句法
即依据界定猜想词意的方式。*须界定或表述的英语单词或语句大多数是专业名词、生僻词或原文中的关键字，创作者为了更好地使阅读者正确认识他们，就得作出较粗浅的表述或表明。
例一：Giraffe is an animal with a very long neck, four legs and orange skin with dark spots.
依据后边对 Giraffe 的表述，它的词意为“梅花鹿”。
例二：Anthropology is the scientific study of man.
由界定得知 Anthropology 的词意为“科学研究人们的科学研究”即“社会学”。
例三：What is plagiarism? It is using others’ ideas and words without clearly mentioning where the information is from.
依据界定我们知道plagiarism的词意为“抄袭”。
二、定语从句
定语从句对先行词起限制、装饰或表述功效，因而我们可以运用定语从句来推断先行词的词意。
例一：Second generation Puerto Ricans who were born in New York but who have returned to the island, are called Nuvoricans.
Nuvoricans 的词意能够由Second generation Puerto Ricans后边的2个定语从句来获得， 即生在纽约，后又返回波多黎各的人。
例二：Psychophysiology is a science which deals with the relationship between mind and body.
依据定语从句我们可以看得出Psychophysiology的含意为“心身联络的科学研究”，即“心理状态生理”。
三、同位语句或同位语从句
同位关联的两一部分中间要用分号联接，有时候也用破折号、分号、冒号和括弧联接。
例一：According to a report published on the British medical magazine, The Lancet, a study of ten German mobile phone users found that when they turned on their phones, their blood pressure goes up by 5 to 10 millimeters of mercury.
依据语法结构的专业知识，我们知道The Lancet是the British medical magazine的同位语，由此可见The Lancet是一个杂志期刊的名字。
例二：Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.
2个分号正中间的语句the study of the meaning of words是Semantics的同位语，意指“对词意开展科学研究的科学研究”， 即“语义学”。
四、比照构造
找寻原文中互相比照、互相对比的案件线索来明确单词的含意。
在该类文章内容中，一般 会出現一些表明实际意义转折点、对比的词语：however, but, on the other hand, on the contrary, instead of, while, unlike, not, although, yet, despite, in spite of, in contrast, etc.
例一： A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.
依据语法结构得知the adept workers和 the unskilled ones.为比照关联，实际意义反过来。由the unskilled ones可发布the adept workers为熟练工。
例二：Someone liked milk, but others abhorred it.
根据but我们知道abhor是like的反义，意指“厌烦”。
五、并排平行结构
它表明实际意义上的并排或类似关联。表明并列关系的词句为and, similarly, like, just as, also, etc.
例一：A child’s birthday party does not have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anacleria, an Evaston mother of two, aged 4 and 18 months.
分号前后左右为2个并排平行面的分句，后一句意指“生日聚会活动能够填满开心、快乐”，我们可以推断hassle意指“错乱”。
例二：First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.
baffled 和beaten为并排平行面关联，依据beaten能够推断出baffled意指“难住，使挫败，阻拦”之意。
例三：John loves to talk, and his sisters are similarly loquacious.
依据and和similarly判断语句loves to talk 和loquacious.中间为同义词较为，意指“随和的”。
六、逻辑关系
它也是推断词意的一种关键方法。我们可以根据結果推断缘故，也可以根据缘故推断結果。
词组：The girl began to feel homesick because she had been away from her family for years.
依据缘故状语从句和homesick自身的构词法方式，大家推论它的词意为“想回家的”。
七、举例说明法
即根据单词后边所举的事例来推论单词的含意。
词组：In this reading room, you can find almost all periodicals in China, such as: The World of English, Foreign Language in School, English Learning or Readers.
大家依据后边所举的事例，不会太难推测periodicals是“刊物”之意。
八、情境案件线索或前后文
即运用情境来推断单词含意的方式。它是大家用于推断词意的关键方式*。
例一：The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society—a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.
“My grandmothers did not do anything, but keep house and serve everybody, they were programmed to do that,” said Emily Cornette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.
依据前后文我们可以非常容易得到chapter的词意为这一机构the Red Hat Society的一个支系。
例二：As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency ( 一贯性 )is very important teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality ( 社会道德 ). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and don’t practice what they preach ( teach ), their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure ( 不稳定 )when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
依据前后文大家得知precept的词意为“批评”。
例三：Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!
Don’t be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don’t check your e-mail every day. Don’t reply to somebody as soon as they leave a text message just because you can. It may be fun at first, but it soon gets annoying.
依据情境我们知道available的词意为“可与之沟通交流的”或“有时间的”。
例四：We found that bar at last. I didn’t have to ask again, for there it was in big letters over the window—Star Bar. There were some iron tables outside with plastic chairs around them. A few people sat listlessly around, looking at a portable television set that someone had brought out of the bar. They were all in thin summer dresses or short sleeved-shirts; even at that late hour it was stifling. Two thin dogs lay under one of the tables with their tongues out, and some of the women were fanning themselves unenthusiastically (没精打采的) with magazines.
依据情境大家猜出来stifling的词意为“强热的”。
九、标点的暗示着
例一：The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society—a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.
破折号后边的一部分对the Red Hat Society作了表述，是“一个觉得老人应当有自身快乐的团队”。
例二：The largest player—Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers a wide variety of choices—deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite.其他信息请浏览：http://www.24en.com/
第二个破折号后边的deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches应当指的是轿车的知名*牌或类型。
十、近义词的取代关联
词组：Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he didn’t want to jeopardize his future.
为防止多次重复使用endanger一词， 用近义词jeopardize来取代它, 大家看做jeopardize词意为“使深陷风险，严重危害，伤害”。
十一、运用主系表结构来猜词
主系表结构的语句有二种作用：一是表明主语的样子和特点；二是主语和表语是同位关联。
例一：To malign is to slander an innocent person.
表词意为“诬蔑无辜的人”， 那般主语便是“诋毁，诬蔑”的含意。
例二：Insomnia is the inability of falling asleep or sleeping restlessly.
表词意为“睡不着觉”，主语Insomnia毫无疑问便是“失眠症”了。
十二、生活小常识
依据日常日常生活的基本常识和有关的情况专业知识，胆大想像，有效充分发挥，推断出世词的含意。
例一：Warm-blooded desert animals, such as rats and mice, rest during the day, often staying in cool underground burrows.
依据基本常识我们知道啮齿动物一般藏在洞里，因而单词burrows的含意为“地穴，洞窟”。
例二：The snake slithered through the grass.
依据相关蛇的生活习性的专业知识，我们可以推断出slithered的词意为“爬取”。
十三、造词法
词汇英语的造词法关键有三种：继承，生成，转换构词法。
大家关键运用继承构词法来推论单词的含意。
词性转换是英语单词最基础的一部分，表述英语单词的基础含意。在词性转换的前边或后边再加上橙装，能够用于延伸或变化原词的实际意义。一般来说，作为前缀更改词根的意思；后缀名更改词性。
普遍的作为前缀有：super- 超……
mini- 中小型的……
re- 再，又……
post- 后
pre- 前
fore- 前
under- 下
后缀名有：
-ment 专有名词的后缀名
-less 不，无
-proof 防……的
词组：Remember that people on line may not be who they seem. Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. Thus someone says “She is a 12-year-old girl ”could really be an old man.
依据情境和misrepresent的构词法方法， 作为前缀mis-的意思是“误，错-的”，词性转换represent的意思是“表述，展现”之意, 合在一起我们知道misrepresent的词意为“误述，扭曲”。
十四、原文中代词代指的推断
高考试卷年年考察对原文中代词具体代指的目标。一般来说它具体代指的目标在带有代词的语句上半部分或前一句话。大家把它称为“前指”。
例一：Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped at noon as the press rported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal.”We have more important things to do,” he said.
依据大家上边提到的，they应当指上一句中的Demands for pigeon-delivered money。
例二：The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.
依据情境them.代指前文的readers。
尽管把握一些猜词方法能帮助我们猜想词意，可是我们不能只借助这种。最重要的還是把握全文文。
