Why are reading and writing in English so difficult for foreign language learners? The English language originates from dozens of languages such as Latin, French, German, and Greek. The diversity of English words and variations of nuances and sentence structure is nearly infinite. Here are some simple tips to help you begin improving your reading comprehension and writing.为何针对其他*的語言学生而言英文阅读和创作那么难？英文这门語言源于多门冰箱語言，例如拉丁语，法文，法语和希腊文。词汇英语的多种多样，微小差别转变，及其语法结构数不胜数。这里有一些小提示来帮你提升你的阅读题与写作水平。
Choosing a Reading Passage挑选一篇选读
Choose an article or story that interests you. It's best to read about something related to your work or college major. Be sure you have a general understanding about the topic before you begin reading.挑选一篇吸引住你的文章内容或是小故事。**是读一些与你工作中或大学的专业有关的文章内容。*你在学以前对文章内容有一个大约的掌握。
Skim the passage for unfamiliar vocabulary. You want to be sure there are some new words to learn, but that you are also capable of understanding the majority of the passage. Try to choose a passage of moderate length with an informative, logical structure.粗读文章内容，找到不了解的语汇。你需要*有一些新的语汇来学习培训，此外也可以了解文章内容疏忽。挑选中等水平长短，有信息内容条理清晰的文章内容
Reading Comprehension阅读题
Paragraphs文章段落
Read the entire passage for a general understanding. What is the article discussing? Is the author's tone of voice informative, excited, angry…? You may then go back and focus on understanding one paragraph at a time.读整篇来了解疏忽。本文在探讨哪些？创作者的语调是客观性出示信息内容式的，激动的，发火的这些？你能再回首复读，并每一次主要了解一段
Sentences语句
Go back and break apart a paragraph into individual sentences. Can you understand the main meaning of the sentence? If so, then you will be able to understand what the new vocabulary word(s) are referring to based upon context.回首把文章段落分成每个语句。你可以了解语句的关键含意吗？假如能，你也就能根据前后文了解新词新语。
Vocabulary Words语汇
Unfamiliar words may seem intimidating, but actually you are very capable of figuring out the meaning of the words all by yourself. Once you believe you know what the word means, you can then try to find the same vocabulary word used in the same way in another sentence. Does it seem to refer to the same concept? Check your answer by asking an English tutor or looking up the definition in a dictionary.不了解的语汇很有可能会看起来心惊胆寒，但实际上你自己彻底有工作能力想到语汇的含意。一旦你相信你了解的语汇的含意，你能试着找寻在别的语句里以统一使用方法出現的同一语汇。它是不是指的是同一定义？在问你英文老师或查字典以前对一下回答。
Note: Avoid reading articles pertaining to abstract topics until you feel comfortable reading daily news articles. Also, articles that use too many idioms may become very frustrating for a foreign reader to understand.留意：防止在你有信心读日常新闻报道文章内容前读相关抽象性主题风格的文章内容。而且，应用太多习语的文章内容很有可能会让国外用户难以了解。
Writing an Entry写读后感
Being able to express your thoughts and ideas in English are just as important a skill as understanding what you are reading. Students often feel writing to be an impossible task because the English language has too many grammatical rules and ways of expression; however, writing is a skill that can definitely be achieved over time.可以用英文表述你的念头这一工作能力和能了解你读的文章内容的工作能力一样关键。学员常常觉得创作是一个没法进行的每日任务因为英文有过多英语的语法标准和特殊表述；殊不知，创作肯定是一个能根据時间提升的工作能力。
Organization机构
Have a plan before beginning your essay. Write down ideas you have about a particular topic. Is your essay an argument or opinion?在发表文章前方案一下。写出你对某一话题讨论的念头。你的文章内容是一个论述還是见解？
1.The first paragraph of an article is an introduction about the topic you plan to discuss.文章内容*一段是一个有关你需要话题讨论的详细介绍。
2.All following paragraphs are the body of your essay. These paragraphs will relate to the main idea of your article. Only begin a new paragraph when you wish to begin the next idea..全部下面的文章段落就是你文章内容的主题风格。这种文章段落将与你文章内容的主题思想相关。仅有如果你想逐渐写出一个念头时再新起一段。
3. The closing paragraph is usually the solution or conclusion to your discussion. 末尾段一般 是所你探讨难题的解决方法或结果。
Write a topic sentence for each of your paragraphs so the reader knows what the main idea of each paragraph is. The body sentences will pertain to your topic sentence. The last sentence of the paragraph should conclude what you just wrote about while leading into the next topic. Transition sentences are quite tricky to master; this is why you should have a plan as to what order you will discuss your ideas.对每一个文章段落写一个中心句，便于阅读者掌握这一文章段落的主题思想。段内的语句所讲內容要与你的中心句有关系。文章段落最后一句应当汇总你所作的，并引进下一个话题讨论。过渡句难以把握，因而你**有一个考试大纲，关于你讲以哪种次序探讨你的念头。
Conjunctions连词
It is common for foreigners to write many sentences, but sometimes they are just too short. Combine these sentences by adding a conjunction such as “but, and, or, because, etc.”针对老外而言，写许多 语句很平时的事儿，可是有时候他们都过短了。根据加一个连词例如“可是，和，或是，由于这些”将能够讲这种语句融合起來。
Be Concise要简约
Your boss or college professor would much rather you write quality instead of quantity. Although it is good to combine short sentences to make them longer, don't ramble. In other words, don't just write a bunch of extra words to meet the required word count. Instead, write a detailed response with better word choice.你的老总或是专家教授希望你写性价比高而不是篇幅多的文章内容。尽管把短句子融合发展句非常好，但留意别唠叨。换句话说，不必写一堆附加的词来凑篇幅。反过来，用精减的措辞写一个详尽的回应。
Redundancy赘述
Because it is difficult for foreigners to express their ideas, they often write the same idea repeatedly in multiple ways. Avoid writing the same ideas over and over, because it becomes boring for the reader.因为针对老外而言，用外国语表述她们的念头难以，因此 她们常常用不一样的方法反复地表述同一含意。要留意防止反复写同一念头，由于这让阅读者感觉很枯燥乏味。
Punctuation标点
Capitalization, spacing, and commas are commonly misused.英文大写，间隔，分号常常被误用。
Capitalize the first letter of every sentence and when using proper nouns.每一句的*一个英文字母要英文大写，应用特殊专有名词要英文大写。
Incorrect: while she was in chicago, she went to lincoln park to walk her dog named rocky.有误：当她在chicago时，她去lincoln生态公园去遛叫rocky的狗。
Correct: While she was in Chicago, she went to Lincoln park to walk her dog named Rocky.恰当：当她在Chicago时，她去Lincoln生态公园去遛叫Rocky的狗。
Spacing is often wrong when I am reading italki users’ notebook entries. Be sure to leave a space between each word, after a comma, and after the period at the end of a sentence.当读了italki客户写的小短文时发觉，间隔常常被用错。*词与词中间，分号后，句尾句点后有空格符
Incorrect: He went shopping for bread,milk,and eggs.He really needed breakfast food.有误：他去买吐司面包，牛乳，和生鸡蛋。他确实*须早饭。
Correct: He went shopping for bread, milk, and eggs. He really need breakfast food.恰当：他去买吐司面包， 牛乳， 和生鸡蛋。 他确实*须早饭。
Use commas when separating items in a list.例举时要分号把不一样项防护。
Incorrect: My classmates Sarah John and Mary came over to my house after school.有误：我同学们Sarah John 和Mary放学后之后我们家。
Correct: My classmates Sarah, John, and Mary came over to my house after school.恰当：我同学们Sarah， John，和Mary放学后之后我们家。
It looks like Sarah's last name is John if a comma is NOT added.
你要是没有加分号得话，会误认为Sarah的姓是John.
Don't forget to check for misspelled words and correct use of periods, quotes, parentheses, and exclamation marks. Please see other italki teacher articles for grammar tips.别忘记查验是否有语法错误，是否有恰当应用句点，引入号，括弧，和惊叹号。请查看别的italki教师写的有关英语的语法小提示的文章内容。
Note: Watch out for verb tenses when writing your articles!留意：发表文章时留意动词时态。
Conclusion结果
Although reading and writing in English are very challenging tasks, each and every one of you is capable of learning these skills. When reading, keep your eyes moving ahead on the page to grasp the main idea of the article. Do not become fixated on one word or phrase, otherwise it will cause your reading fluency to lag. Break down the passage into parts when you are confused.虽然阅读文章和创作在英语中是十分具备趣味性的每日任务，但大家每一个人都能学好这种专业技能。当阅读文章时，认真阅读把握文章内容主题思想。不必一个词或语句担心太久，不然它将造成你阅读文章的流畅性落后。如果你搞不懂时，把文章内容转化成不一样一部分。
No matter what topic you are writing about, organize your thoughts and ideas before beginning. Once you finish, go back through the essay and read it aloud to see if it sounds fluent. You want your writing to flow from one idea to another. Double-check your spelling and punctuation. If you keep working to improve your reading and writing skills, you will soon look back and see the substantial progress you have made!无论你写什么主题风格，写以前机构你要的念头。一旦完毕，查验你的文章内容并高声读出，看来它是不是顺畅。你希望你的创作內容是流畅地从一个见解过多到另一个见解。认真仔细拼读和标点符号。假如你一直全面提高你的阅读文章和写作水平，没多久如果你回头巡视时，你可能见到你所得到的实际性发展！
